材料物理双语教程【2025|PDF下载-Epub版本|mobi电子书|kindle百度云盘下载】

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Chapter 1 Introduction1

1.1Definition of Material2

1.2 Family of Materials3

1.3 Brief History of Material Development3

1.4 Material Physics and Other Related Science7

1.5 Importance of Material Science9

Vocabulary10

Problems13

Chapter 2 Basic Structure and Organization of Atoms in a Material15

2.1 Bonding Modes Among Atoms16

2.2 Crystal Structure21

2.2.1 Unit Cells，Space Lattices and Lattice Point22

2.2.2 Crystal Systems26

2.2.3 Representative Parameters for Crystal Systems30

2.2.4 Crystal Structures of Metals and Organic Materials36

2.3 Crystal Defects39

2.4 Nanocrystalline Structures45

2.5 Amorphous Structures46

Vocabulary49

Problems51

Chapter 3 Fundamentals of Electron Theory53

3.1 Introduction54

3.2 Wave Particle Duality and Quantum Mechanics54

3.3 Wave Function and Schrodinger Equation58

3.4 Classical and Quantum Statistics62

3.5 Free Electron Theory of Metals65

3.6 Band Theory of Solids79

3.6.1 Schrodinger Equation and Its Solution Under near Free Electron Approximation79

3.6.2 Bandgap80

3.6.3 Interpretation of Conductivity82

3.6.4 Brillouin Zone Under Near Free Electron Approximate84

3.6.5 State Density under Band Theory85

3.6.6 Effective Electron Mass as a Function of k86

Vocabulary88

Problems90

Chapter 4 Solid State Phase Transformation93

4.1 Concepts94

4.2 Features of Solid State Phase Transformation99

4.2.1 General Procedure99

4.2.2 Phase Interface99

4.2.3 Orientation Relationship100

4.2.4 Habit Plane100

4.2.5 Strain Energy101

4.2.6 Influence of Defects102

4.2.7 Atom Diffusion102

4.3 Classification of Solid State Phase Transformation103

4.3.1 Classification Based on Thermodynamics103

4.3.2 Classification Based on Atomic Diffusion105

4.4 Polycrystalline Transformation105

4.5 Eutectoid Transformation108

4.5.1 Thermodynamics of Eutectoid Transformation108

4.5.2 Processes in Eutectoid Transformation109

4.5.3 Dynamic Characteristics： TTT Curve112

4.6 Austenite-Martensite Transformation112

4.6.1 Historical Remark112

4.6.2 Features of Martensitic Transformation113

4.6.3 Dynamic Process115

4.6.4 Shapes of Martensite118

4.6.5 The Mechanism of Martensite Formation119

4.6.6 Thermoelastic Martensite and Shape Memory Effect121

4.7 Glass Transition123

Vocabulary126

Problems128

Chapter 5 Mechanical Properties131

5.1 Significance of Material Mechanical Properties132

5.2 Basic Concepts in Mechanics133

5.3 Elastic Deformation146

5.4 Plastic Deformation147

5.5 Creep and Stress Relaxation156

5.6 Fracture and Fatigue159

Vocabulary162

Problems164

Chapter 6 Electrical Properties165

6.1 Basic Concepts for Electricity166

6.1.1 Ohm’s Law166

6.1.2 Conductivity167

6.1.3 Mean Free Path169

6.1.4 Materials with Different Electrical Properties169

6.2 Conductor171

6.2.1 Metal Conductor171

6.2.2 Transparent Conducting Oxide （TCO）179

6.3 Semiconductor182

6.3.1 Inorganic Semiconductor183

6.3.2 Organic Semiconductor197

6.3.3 Application of Semiconductor201

6.4 Superconductor206

6.4.1 Phenomenon and Definition206

6.4.2 Meissner Effect209

6.4.3 Critical Magnetic Field211

6.4.4 Critical Current Density （Jc）212

6.4.5 Thermal Dynamic Features213

6.4.6 Classification of Superconductor218

6.4.7 Theory about Superconducting220

6.4.8 Tunnelling/Josephson Effect225

6.4.9 Applications of Superconductor228

6.5 Dielectric Material232

6.5.1 What is Dielectric Material232

6.5.2 Characterization233

6.5.3 Polarization Mechanism235

6.5.4 Complex Dielectric Constant and Dielectric Loss240

6.5.5 Dielectric Breakdown245

6.6 Thermoelectricity of Material247

6.6.1 Thermoelectric Potential and Absolute Thermoelectric Coefficient247

6.6.2 Classification248

6.6.3 Applications249

Vocabulary254

Problems259

Chapter 7 Magnetic Properties263

7.1 Introduction264

7.2 Characterization and Principles for Magnetism265

7.2.1 Magnetic Field Intensity and Magnetic Force—Macroscopic Approach265

7.2.2 Magnetic Dipole，Magnetic Moment and Magnetization—Microscopic Approach266

7.2.3 Magnetic Inductance，Permeability and Magnetic Susceptibility272

7.2.4 Magnetism Classification274

7.3 Features of Ferromagnetic Materials284

7.3.1 Curie Point284

7.3.2 Order-Disorder Transformations285

7.3.3 Magnetic Domain286

7.3.4 Features of Ferromagnetic Materials in Magnetic Fields288

7.4 Functional Magnetic Materials292

Vocabulary298

Problems299

Chapter 8 Optical Properties301

8.1 Light302

8.1.1 History of Optical Science302

8.1.2 Light Wave-Electromagnetic Wave304

8.2 Interaction of Light with Materials306

8.2.1 Macro Phenomena306

8.2.2 Mechanisms307

8.3 Optical Property of Materials324

8.3.1 Metals324

8.3.2 Nonmetals325

8.4 Applications of Optical Materials334

8.4.1 Optical Fibers in Communications334

8.4.2 Plastic Optics338

8.4.3 Luminescent Materials （Inorganic Only）346

Vocabulary348

Problems349

Chapter 9 Thermal Properties351

9.1 Heat Capacity352

9.1.1 Definition352

9.1.2 Classical Model （Dulong-Petit Law）353

9.1.3 Einstein Model355

9.1.4 Debye Model358

9.1.5 Comparison of Models362

9.1.6 Heat Capacity in Real Materials364

9.2 Thermal Conductivity365

9.2.1 Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity365

9.2.2 Mechanism for Heat Conduction367

9.2.3 Thermal Conduction in Real Materials371

9.3 Thermal Expansion377

9.3.1 Length and Volume Thermal Expansions377

9.3.2 Theory for Thermal Expansion379

9.3.3 Thermal Expansion and Heat Capacity381

9.3.4 Thermal Expansion and Melting Point382

9.4 Thermal Stability and Thermal Shock382

Vocabulary385

Problems386

参考文献388